香港
粵語四字格成語
語料及音檔庫
Cantonese 4-word Idiomatic Expressions Excerpts and Audio Recording Database

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本語料庫旨在羅列和提供經分析後的粵語四字格慣用語(如成語、歇後語、諺語)實例，展示粵語詞語在漢語方言中較突出的結構和內涵。我們收集了約400個有關詞語，配以實例及錄音，供有意者細味箇中含蘊。作為香港首個跨時空本土四字格慣用語語料數據庫(點擊資料庫按鈕)，透過文字和聲音記錄由本地居民提供的粵語四字格慣用語詞條解釋和語用例子，盼能增加有意者的相關詞語知識及其重要文化背景的了解。有鑑香港新生一代尤其是50歲上下本地居民對此種生動的言語藝術逐漸生疏、少用，往往是「知其然而不知其所以然」^#，也希望藉此推動更多香港人及新生一代承傳本土粵語四字格慣用語等重要言語藝術和文化遺產。在此基礎上，希望可以拋磚引玉，以便日後更多機會探討粵語四字格慣用語與鄰近地區語言類似結構的意義，以及他們深層互動關係，也希望可以擴展上述四字格語料數據庫，達致更深入認識粵語的區域地位和可能源於百越時期的歷史淵源。我們2015年5月在香港中文大學舉辨了首屆「中國南方語言四音節慣用語」研討會，對多個相關議題進行討論，有意者可參閱會議論文集： http://www.livac.org/yueqie/qiepapers/

我們也歡迎意見或查詢：

^#粵語共有9個聲調，特別值得注意的是與本項目有關的兩個聲調:

    A)  [高平調(4次)]   cing1   ling1  cang1  lang1  (例子#212)
                         清      拎     罉      冷  
    B)  [低降調(4次)]   cing4   ling4  cang4  lang4  (例子#204)
                         晴      寧     掁      □
有時候也會出現第三種組合:
    C)  [低+高+低+低]   cing4   ling1  cang4  lang4  (例子#213)
                         晴      拎     掁      □

這三種詞類的詞組有不同的意義，而一般人能夠分出A，B，C三種聲調的四音節詞組，也能判別出其他如下列D，E，F三種不能接受的聲調組合：

    D)  **  cing1   ling4  cang4  lang4
              清      寧      掁       □
    E)  **  cing4   ling1  cang1  lang1，或
              晴      寧      罉       冷 
    F)  **  cing1   ling2  cang3  lang4 等。
              清      檸      撐       □

不過，他們未必能清晰地總結這三種詞語的意義差別。以C類組別為例，請點擊以下視頻參看：

視頻下載 https://goo.gl/3CyRaI

This is a database containing about 400 entries of selected Cantonese 4-syllabic Idiomatic Expressions (QIEs) with explanations and voice-recorded examples provided by local residents of Hong Kong. The QIEs are especially emblematic of Cantonese speech and are a well-developed speech art form. It is noticeable that the younger generations of age 50 or below are aware of the actual forms but not the meaning. Such a case of language degeneration may call for attention in the spectrum of language development. A conference on "Quadra-syllabic Idiomatic Expressions in Languages around South China" was held in the Chinese University of Hong Kong in 2015. Conference proceedings are available at: http://www.livac.org/yueqie/qiepapers/

Enquiries and comments are welcome:

Video Download: https://goo.gl/3CyRaI

本語料由衞奕信勳爵文物信託資助計劃項目「中國(粵語)四字格慣用語」(https://www.lordwilson-heritagetrust.org.hk/tc/projects/project_listing/project_details/27-9-33.html) 創建，錄音人共有四位，分別是梁仲森先生、黃國燊先生、梁燕冰教授和鄒嘉彥教授，平均年齡超過65歲，語料庫在創建期間，得到莫宇航、周嘉寶和莊培玲等人的協助，项目執行期間也獲得香港中文大學語言學系語言獲得實驗室主任李行德教授和同仁鼎力相助，特此一併致謝！ This database was created under the project “Chinese(Cantonese)4-word Idiomatic Expressions” with the support of The Lord Wilson Heritage Trust (https://www.lordwilson-heritagetrust.org.hk/tc/projects/project_listing/project_details/27-9-33.html). The excerpts and audio recordings were produced by 4 informants, including Mr Livy C. S. Leung, Byron K. S. Wong, Prof. Y. B Leung and Prof. Benjamin Tsou. The average age of the informants was over 65. We are indebted to Prof Thomas H. T. Lee and his colleagues from the Language Acquisition Laboratory of the Department of Linguistics and Modern Languages of the Chinese University of Hong Kong for enduring support in this project. Thanks also go to Mr Kenny Mok, Ka Po Chow and Janice Chong for providing administrative and technical support for this project.

鳴謝Acknowledgement

本語料庫得衞奕信勳爵文物信託資助，謹此致謝。 This project was supported by:

粵語四字格成語語料及音檔庫Cantonese 4-word Idiomatic Expressions Excerpts and Audio Recording Database

鳴謝Acknowledgement